軋輥中大量使用合金元素是在第二次以后，這是軋鋼設備朝著大型化、連續(xù)化、高速化、自動化發(fā)展以及軋材強度提高、變形抗力加大后對軋輥性能提出更高要求的結果。

A large number of alloying elements in the rolls are produced after the Second World War.the result of rolling mill's large performance, continuous, high-speed and automatic development, as well as the increase of rolling strength and resistance to deformation.

軋輥在軋機中的使用效果不但取決于軋輥材質及其冶金質量，還和使用條件、軋輥設計、操作維護有關。不同類型軋機的軋輥使用條件有很大差異，造成差異的因素有：軋機條件。如軋機類型、軋機和軋輥設計、孔型設計、水冷條件和軸承種類等。

The use effect of roll in the rolling mill not only depends on the material and metallurgical quality of the roll, but also is related to the conditi of use, the design of the roll and the operation and maintenance. The use conditi of the rolls for different types of rolling mills are very different. The factors that cause the difference are the rolling mill conditi. Such as rolling mill type, rolling mill and roll design, pass design, water cooling condition and bearing type and so on.

軋輥在制作和運用前的預備工序中會發(fā)生剩余應力和熱應力。運用時又進一步遭到了各種周期應力的效果,包含有曲折、改變、剪力、接觸應力和熱應力等。

Residual stresses and thermal stresses will occur in the preparatory process before making and applying rolls. When applied, it is further affected by various cyclic stresses, including twists, changes, shear forces, contact stresses and thermal stresses.