通過鍛造能消除金屬在冶煉過程中產(chǎn)生的鑄態(tài)疏松等缺陷，優(yōu)化微觀組織結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)由于保存了完整的金屬流線，鍛件的機(jī)械性能一般優(yōu)于同樣材料的鑄件。

Forging can eliminate the defects such as casting porosity and so on during the smelting process, and optimize the microstructure. At the same time, because of the intact metal flow line, the mechanical properties of the forgings are generally better than those of the same materials.

在考慮鍛造工藝時(shí)特別是后一火的鍛造時(shí)，應(yīng)盡量避免在臨界變形程度下進(jìn)行，以免得到粗大晶粒組織。具體來說，高溫下金屬塑性好，變形抗力小，應(yīng)采用遠(yuǎn)大于臨界變形程度的較大變形量鍛造；低溫修正時(shí)采用低于臨界變形程度的小變形量進(jìn)行局部修整。

When the forging process is cidered, especially when the last fire is forged, the critical deformation should be avoided as far as , so as to avoid coarse grain structure. Concretely speaking, high temperature metal has good plasticity and small deformation resistance. We should adopt large deformation amount forging far greater than critical deformation degree. When low temperature correction is used, small deformation below critical deformation degree should be used for local trimming.

鍛造生產(chǎn)加熱設(shè)備和鍛壓設(shè)備不可少，這些設(shè)備釋放大量熱能，需要我們在通風(fēng)凈化環(huán)境中進(jìn)行。鍛造工具種類繁多，也是密集型作業(yè)，要求每個(gè)技術(shù)人員都不能馬虎，堅(jiān)守自己的崗位，嘈雜的環(huán)境需要冷靜的技師，不能隨意操作。

Forged production of heating equipment and forging equipment can not be less, these release a large amount of heat energy, we need to carry out in the ventilation and purification environment. There are various kinds of forging tools, which are also intensive operati. Every technician is not allowed to be careless and stick to their. The noisy environment needs a cool technician and can not be arbitrarily operated.

鍛造設(shè)備種類很多，按照工作部分運(yùn)行方式不同，鍛造設(shè)備可分為直線往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)和相對(duì)旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)兩大類。直線往復(fù)鍛造設(shè)備1、動(dòng)載撞擊的鍛造設(shè)備2、動(dòng)靜載聯(lián)合的鍛造設(shè)備3，能沖擊的鍛造設(shè)備。

There are many kinds of forging equipment. According to the different operation modes of the working part, the forging equipment can be divided into two categories: straight reciprocating motion and relative rotation motion.

Linear reciprocating forging equipment

1, forging equipment with dynamic load impact

2, forging equipment combined with static and static load

3, high efficiency impacting forging equipment