不知道聽(tīng)到工藝兩個(gè)字的時(shí)候我們更多的想到的是什么?我想很多人對(duì)工藝的追求大多體現(xiàn)在對(duì)一些藝術(shù)品上面。其實(shí)不僅僅是藝術(shù)品對(duì)工藝的要求非常高。自由鍛生產(chǎn)率低，加工余量大，但工具簡(jiǎn)單，通用性大，故被廣泛用于鍛造形狀較簡(jiǎn)單的單件、小批生產(chǎn)的鍛件。在我們的機(jī)械領(lǐng)域?qū)に囈彩蔷媲缶?，因?yàn)橹挥懈叱墓に嚥拍苤圃斐龈漠a(chǎn)品，就比如說(shuō)大口徑法蘭對(duì)它的工藝要求也是很高的。

I don't know what we think about more when we hear the two  of the craft?模鍛又分為開(kāi)式模鍛和閉式模鍛．金屬坯料在具有一定形狀的鍛模膛內(nèi)受壓變形而獲得鍛件，模鍛一般用于生產(chǎn)重量不大、批量較大的零件。 I think a lot of people's pursuit of the craft is mostly on some of the works of art. In fact, not only is the art of art demanding very high technology. In our field of machinery, we also strive for improvement in technology, because only superb technology can make more perfect products, for example, large diameter flanges require high technological requirements for them.

鐓粗 鐓粗是對(duì)原坯料沿軸向鍛打，使其高度減低、橫截面增大的操作過(guò)程。這種工序常用于鍛造齒輪坯和其他圓盤(pán)形類(lèi)鍛件。鐓粗分為全部鐓粗和局部鍛粗兩種。

Upsetting and upsetting is the process of forging the original billet along the axis, reducing its height and increasing its cross section. This process is usually used to forge gear blanks and other disc shaped forgings. The upsetting is divided into two kinds of upsetting and local forgings.

自由鍛造所用工具和設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單，通用性好，成本低。 同鑄造毛坯相比，自由鍛消除了縮孔、 縮松、氣孔等缺陷，使毛坯具有更高的力學(xué)性能。鍛件形狀簡(jiǎn)單，操作靈活。

Free forging tools and equipment are simple, versatility and low cost. Compared with the casting blank, the free forging eliminates the defects such as shrinkage porosity, porosity, porosity and so on, so that the blank has higher mechanical properties. The shape of the forgings is simple and the operation is flexible.

在芯棒上拔長(zhǎng)。鍛造時(shí)，先芯棒插入沖好孔的坯料中，然后當(dāng)作實(shí)心坯料進(jìn)行拔長(zhǎng)。拔長(zhǎng)時(shí)，一般不是一次拔成，先將坯料拔成六角形，鍛到所需長(zhǎng)度后，再倒角滾圓，取出芯棒。為便于取出芯棒，芯棒 的工作部分應(yīng)有1：100 左右的斜度。

Pull on the mandrel. When forging, insert the mandrel into the billet of the hole and then pull it out as a solid billet. When drawing, it is not usually drawn at one time. First, the blank is drawn into a hexagonal shape, forged to the required length, then chamfered and rounded, and the mandrel is removed. To facilitate the removal of the mandrel, the working part of the mandrel should have a slope of about 1:100.