基本工序：自由鍛造時，鍛件的形狀是通過一些基本變形工序?qū)⑴髁现鸩藉懗傻?。自由鍛造的基本工序有鐓粗、拔長、沖孔、彎曲和切斷等。

The basic process is: free forging, the shape of forging is gradually formed by some basic deformation processes. The basic process of free forging is upsetting, drawing, punching, bending and cutting.

拔長 拔長是使坯料的長度增加，截面減小的鍛造工序，通常用來生產(chǎn)軸類件毛坯，如車床主軸、連桿等。

沖孔 用沖子在坯料上沖出通孔或不通孔的鍛造工序。彎曲 使坯料彎曲成一定角度或形狀的鍛造工序。

Drawing and drawing is a forging process that increases the length of the billet and reduces the section. It is usually used to produce shaft parts, such as spindle and connecting rod.

Forging punch punching out through holes or blind holes in the blank. The forging process of bending the billet into a certain angle or shape.

自由鍛造所用工具和設(shè)備簡單，通用性好，成本低。 同鑄造毛坯相比，自由鍛消除了縮孔、 縮松、氣孔等缺陷，使毛坯具有更高的力學(xué)性能。鍛件形狀簡單，操作靈活。

Free forging tools and equipment are simple, versatility and low cost. Compared with the casting blank, the free forging eliminates the defects such as shrinkage porosity, porosity, porosity and so on, so that the blank has higher mechanical properties. The shape of the forgings is simple and the operation is flexible.

拔長

也稱延伸，它是使坯料橫斷面積減小、長度增加的鍛造工序。拔長常用于鍛造桿、軸類零件。

自由鍛造的基本工序包括鐓粗、拔長、沖孔、彎曲、扭轉(zhuǎn)、錯移、切割及鍛接等。

Pulling length

Also known as elongation, it is a forging process to reduce the cross-sectional area of the billet and increase the length. Pullout is often used in forging rods and shaft parts.

The basic processes of free forging include upsetting, drawing, punching, bending, torsion, offset, cutting and forging.